悟透AutoCAD 2013完全自學(xué)手冊(cè)

第1 章 學(xué)前案例，鳥(niǎo)瞰精彩...................................1
1.1 案例解讀.......................................................... 2
1.2 繪制鋼琴的輪廓............................................. 2
1.3 繪制鋼琴支撐部分的投影線....................... 2
1.4 繪制黑白鍵...................................................... 2
1.5 繪制并修建其他部分.................................... 3
第2 章 繪圖前環(huán)境設(shè)置............................................4
2.1 設(shè)置坐標(biāo)系...................................................... 5
2.1.1 世界坐標(biāo)系......................................... 5
2.1.2 用戶坐標(biāo)系......................................... 5
2.2 設(shè)置圖形單位和界限.................................... 6
2.2.1 設(shè)置圖形單位..................................... 6
2.2.2 設(shè)置圖形界限..................................... 7
2.3 配置繪圖系統(tǒng)................................................. 7
2.3.1 顯示配置............................................. 7
2.3.2 打開(kāi)和保存配置..............................10
2.3.3 系統(tǒng)配置...........................................12
2.3.4 用戶系統(tǒng)配置...................................14
2.3.5 繪圖配置...........................................16
2.3.6 選擇集配置.......................................18
2.4 管理樣板文件...............................................20
2.4.1 生成樣板文件...................................20
2.4.2 使用樣板文件...................................20
2.5 系統(tǒng)變量........................................................21
第3 章 精通基礎(chǔ)繪圖操作..................................... 22
3.1 命令調(diào)用方式...............................................23
3.1.1 使用鍵盤(pán)調(diào)用命令..........................23
3.1.2 使用工具欄調(diào)用命令.....................24
3.1.3 使用下拉菜單調(diào)用命令.................24
3.1.4 使用快捷菜單調(diào)用命令.................25
3.1.5 使用動(dòng)態(tài)輸入調(diào)用命令.................25
3.2 坐標(biāo)輸入方式...............................................27
3.2.1 直角坐標(biāo)........................................... 27
3.2.2 極坐標(biāo)............................................... 27
3.3 捕捉對(duì)象........................................................ 28
3.3.1 “對(duì)象捕捉”工具欄....................... 28
3.3.2 對(duì)象捕捉的設(shè)置.............................. 29
3.3.3 使用對(duì)象捕捉模式......................... 29
3.4 使用極軸........................................................ 30
3.4.1 使用正交模式繪制圖形................. 30
3.4.2 使用極軸追蹤繪制圖形................. 30
3.5 視圖顯示控制............................................... 32
3.5.1 視圖平移和縮放.............................. 32
3.5.2 命名視圖的使用.............................. 33
3.5.3 重畫(huà)和重生成命令......................... 35
3.5.4 平鋪視圖........................................... 36
3.6 動(dòng)態(tài)輸入........................................................ 37
3.7 柵格................................................................ 39
第4 章對(duì)象特性........................................................41
4.1 顯示和更改對(duì)象特性.................................. 42
4.2 特性匹配........................................................ 43
4.3 圖層................................................................ 44
4.3.1 新建和刪除圖層.............................. 44
4.3.2 設(shè)置圖層的名稱、顏色、線型和線寬....................................... 46
4.3.3 設(shè)置圖層顯示狀態(tài)......................... 50
4.3.4 設(shè)置當(dāng)前圖層.................................. 51
4.3.5 過(guò)濾圖層........................................... 51
4.4 圖形對(duì)象的基本特性.................................. 53
4.4.1 設(shè)置顏色........................................... 53
4.4.2 設(shè)置線型........................................... 54
4.4.3 設(shè)置線寬........................................... 55
第5 章 基本二維圖形繪制.....................................57
5.1 繪制點(diǎn)和直線............................................... 58
5.1.1 繪制點(diǎn)............................................... 58
5.1.2 繪制直線........................................... 60
5.2 繪制射線和構(gòu)造線...................................... 61
5.2.1 繪制射線........................................... 61
5.2.2 繪制構(gòu)造線...................................... 62
5.3 繪制圓、圓弧和圓環(huán).................................. 63
5.3.1 繪制圓............................................... 63
5.3.2 繪制圓弧........................................... 66
5.3.3 繪制圓環(huán)........................................... 69
5.4 繪制橢圓形和橢圓弧.................................. 70
5.4.1 繪制橢圓形...................................... 70
5.4.2 繪制橢圓弧...................................... 73
5.5 繪制矩形和正多邊形.................................. 74
5.5.1 繪制矩形........................................... 74
5.5.2 繪制正多邊形.................................. 75
5.6 繪制多段線................................................... 78
5.7 繪制多線........................................................ 79
5.8 徒手繪圖........................................................ 81
5.9 樣條曲線........................................................ 82
5.10 修訂云線..................................................... 83
5.11 高端技巧...................................................... 84
5.12 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——繪制樓梯... 84
第6 章尺寸約束........................................................87
6.1 約束設(shè)置........................................................ 88
6.2 幾何約束........................................................ 89
6.2.1 應(yīng)用幾何約束.................................. 89
6.2.2 顯示和隱藏幾何約束..................... 92
6.3 推斷幾何約束............................................... 93
6.4 自動(dòng)約束........................................................ 93
6.5 標(biāo)注約束........................................................ 94
6.5.1 應(yīng)用標(biāo)注約束.................................. 95
6.5.2 標(biāo)注約束的顯示.............................. 97
6.5.3 約束設(shè)計(jì)（參數(shù)管理器） ............ 97
6.6 刪除約束........................................................ 99
6.7 高端技巧........................................................ 99
6.8 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——參數(shù)化撥叉二視圖............................................... 99
第7 章 編輯對(duì)象..................................................... 101
7.1 對(duì)象選擇...................................................... 102
7.1.1 用拾取框選擇對(duì)象....................... 102
7.1.2 用矩形框選擇對(duì)象....................... 102
7.1.3 用快速選擇對(duì)話框選擇對(duì)象...... 102
7.2 放棄和重做................................................. 103
7.2.1 放棄命令.........................................103
7.2.2 重做命令.........................................103
7.3 復(fù)制對(duì)象......................................................104
7.3.1 復(fù)制圖形對(duì)象.................................104
7.3.2 鏡像圖形對(duì)象.................................105
7.3.3 偏移圖形對(duì)象.................................106
7.3.4 陣列圖形對(duì)象.................................107
7.4 調(diào)整對(duì)象位置.............................................110
7.4.1 移動(dòng)圖形對(duì)象.................................111
7.4.2 旋轉(zhuǎn)圖形對(duì)象.................................112
7.5 調(diào)整對(duì)象形狀.............................................113
7.5.1 縮放圖形對(duì)象.................................113
7.5.2 拉伸圖形對(duì)象.................................114
7.5.3 拉長(zhǎng)圖形對(duì)象.................................115
7.5.4 修剪圖形對(duì)象.................................116
7.5.5 延伸圖形對(duì)象.................................117
7.5.6 打斷圖形對(duì)象.................................118
7.5.7 分解圖形對(duì)象.................................119
7.5.8 刪除圖形對(duì)象.................................119
7.5.9 倒角和圓角.....................................119
7.6 利用夾點(diǎn)編輯圖形對(duì)象............................121
7.6.1 設(shè)置夾點(diǎn).........................................122
7.6.2 利用夾點(diǎn)拉伸圖形對(duì)象...............122
7.6.3 利用夾點(diǎn)移動(dòng)或復(fù)制圖形對(duì)象....123
7.6.4 利用夾點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)圖形對(duì)象...............124
7.6.5 利用夾點(diǎn)縮放圖形對(duì)象...............125
7.6.6 利用夾點(diǎn)鏡像圖形對(duì)象...............126
7.7 編輯多段線、多線和樣條曲線...............127
7.8 高端技巧......................................................128
7.9 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——繪制吊鉤....129
第8 章注釋圖形.....................................................133
8.1 圖案填充......................................................134
8.1.1 利用HATCH 命令進(jìn)行圖案填充..................................................134
8.1.2 使用漸變色填充圖案...................138
8.1.3 孤島..................................................140
8.2 文字...............................................................141
8.2.1 文字樣式.........................................141
8.2.2 標(biāo)注單行文字.................................144
8.2.3 標(biāo)注多行文字.................................148
8.2.4 標(biāo)注特殊符號(hào).................................153
8.3 表格...............................................................154
8.3.1 表格樣式.........................................154
8.3.2 創(chuàng)建和編輯表格............................156
8.3.3 使用Excel 生成表格....................159
8.4 尺寸標(biāo)注......................................................160
8.4.1 尺寸標(biāo)注樣式設(shè)置........................161
8.4.2 線性尺寸標(biāo)注.................................171
8.4.3 圓弧尺寸標(biāo)注.................................177
8.4.4 角度尺寸標(biāo)注.................................181
8.4.5 坐標(biāo)標(biāo)注.........................................181
8.4.6 圓心標(biāo)注.........................................183
8.4.7 快速引線標(biāo)注.................................183
8.4.8 快速標(biāo)注.........................................187
8.4.9 尺寸標(biāo)注編輯.................................187
8.4.10 形位公差標(biāo)注..............................194
8.4.11 關(guān)聯(lián)\重新關(guān)聯(lián)標(biāo)注.....................195
8.5 高端技巧......................................................196
8.6 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——填充滑輪支座裝配圖..................................................196
第9 章圖塊..............................................................199
9.1 圖塊操作......................................................200
9.1.1 創(chuàng)建塊和塊文件............................200
9.1.2 插入塊..............................................203
9.2 塊的嵌套......................................................206
9.3 將數(shù)據(jù)附著到塊上（塊屬性）...............206
9.3.1 定義屬性.........................................206
9.3.2 編輯屬性值.....................................207
9.3.3 插入帶有屬性的塊........................209
9.3.4 增強(qiáng)屬性編輯器和塊編輯器......210
9.4 動(dòng)態(tài)塊..........................................................212
9.5 高端技巧......................................................217
9.6 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——定義并插入粗糙度符號(hào)圖塊.........................................218
第10 章數(shù)據(jù)共享...................................................221
10.1 外部參照....................................................222
10.1.1 引用外部參照..............................222
10.1.2 綁定外部參照..............................223
10.1.3 裁剪外部參照..............................225
10.1.4 編輯外部參照..............................226
10.2 設(shè)計(jì)中心....................................................227
10.2.1 設(shè)計(jì)中心.......................................228
10.2.2 使用設(shè)計(jì)中心查找內(nèi)容.............229
10.2.3 使用設(shè)計(jì)中心打開(kāi)文件.............230
10.2.4 使用設(shè)計(jì)中心插入文件.............230
10.2.5 使用收藏夾.................................. 232
10.3 PDF 文件的無(wú)縫轉(zhuǎn)換............................. 233
10.3.1 輸出PDF 文件............................ 233
10.3.2 將文件附著為參考底圖............ 234
10.4 動(dòng)作錄制器............................................... 237
10.5 數(shù)據(jù)提取................................................... 241
10.6 聯(lián)機(jī)............................................................ 244
10.7 高端技巧................................................... 245
10.8 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì)中心管理與共享零件圖......................... 246
第11 章 三維基礎(chǔ)繪圖.........................................248
11.1 三維坐標(biāo)系............................................... 249
11.1.1 三維世界坐標(biāo)系.......................... 249
11.1.2 三維用戶坐標(biāo)系.......................... 250
11.1.3 管理用戶坐標(biāo)系.......................... 251
11.2 三維圖形的視圖觀察.............................. 252
11.2.1 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)視圖觀察.............................. 252
11.2.2 設(shè)置視點(diǎn)....................................... 253
11.2.3 三維動(dòng)態(tài)觀察.............................. 254
11.2.4 多視口觀察.................................. 255
11.2.5 Steering Wheels............................ 256
11.3 繪制三維實(shí)體........................................... 257
11.3.1 長(zhǎng)方體........................................... 257
11.3.2 球體................................................ 258
11.3.3 圓柱體........................................... 259
11.3.4 圓錐體........................................... 260
11.3.5 楔體................................................ 260
11.3.6 圓環(huán)體........................................... 261
11.3.7 通過(guò)二維對(duì)象拉伸獲得三維實(shí)體............................................... 262
11.3.8 通過(guò)二維對(duì)象旋轉(zhuǎn)獲得三維實(shí)體............................................... 263
11.3.9 獲取三維實(shí)體的截面................. 264
11.3.10 剖切三維實(shí)體............................ 265
11.4 高端技巧.................................................... 266
11.5 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——繪制螺栓... 266
第12 章曲面造型..................................................269
12.1 創(chuàng)建程序曲面........................................... 270
12.1.1 創(chuàng)建平面曲面.............................. 270
12.1.2 創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)格曲面.............................. 270
12.1.3 對(duì)曲面進(jìn)行過(guò)渡操作................. 271
12.1.4 修補(bǔ)曲面....................................... 272
12.1.5 對(duì)曲面進(jìn)行偏移操作................. 273
12.1.6 將對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換為程序曲面............ 274
12.2 創(chuàng)建NURBS 曲面................................... 274
12.2.1 通過(guò)放樣創(chuàng)建NURBS 曲面.... 274
12.2.2 將實(shí)體轉(zhuǎn)換為NURBS 曲面.... 275
12.2.3 將網(wǎng)格對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換為NURBS曲面............................................... 276
12.3 高端技巧................................................... 276
12.4 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——繪制門把手外形曲面........................................... 276
第13 章 三維網(wǎng)格繪制......................................... 279
13.1 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)三維網(wǎng)格圖元.................................. 280
13.2 三維面........................................................ 283
13.3 從其他對(duì)象構(gòu)造網(wǎng)格............................. 284
13.3.1 直紋網(wǎng)格....................................... 284
13.3.2 平移網(wǎng)格....................................... 285
13.3.3 旋轉(zhuǎn)網(wǎng)格....................................... 286
13.3.4 邊界網(wǎng)格....................................... 287
13.4 高端技巧................................................... 287
13.5 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——繪制水杯外形.................................................... 288
第14 章 三維對(duì)象編輯......................................... 290
14.1 布爾運(yùn)算................................................... 291
14.1.1 并集運(yùn)算....................................... 291
14.1.2 差集運(yùn)算....................................... 291
14.1.3 交集運(yùn)算....................................... 292
14.2 倒角與倒圓角........................................... 293
14.2.1 倒角............................................... 293
14.2.2 倒圓角........................................... 294
14.3 三維圖形操作........................................... 295
14.3.1 三維陣列....................................... 295
14.3.2 三維鏡像....................................... 297
14.3.3 三維旋轉(zhuǎn)....................................... 298
14.3.4 三維對(duì)齊....................................... 299
14.4 編輯三維圖形的表面............................. 300
14.4.1 拉伸面........................................... 300
14.4.2 移動(dòng)面........................................... 301
14.4.3 偏移面........................................... 302
14.4.4 刪除面........................................... 303
14.4.5 旋轉(zhuǎn)面........................................... 303
14.4.6 傾斜面........................................... 304
14.4.7 復(fù)制面........................................... 305
14.4.8 著色面...........................................306
14.5 壓印與抽殼................................................307
14.5.1 壓印................................................307
14.5.2 抽殼................................................308
14.6 自由形狀設(shè)計(jì)...........................................309
14.6.1 平滑網(wǎng)格.......................................309
14.6.2 優(yōu)化網(wǎng)格.......................................311
14.6.3 分割面...........................................312
14.6.4 銳化網(wǎng)格.......................................312
14.6.5 取消銳化.......................................313
14.6.6 重塑網(wǎng)格子對(duì)象形狀.................314
14.6.7 將網(wǎng)格對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換為三維實(shí)體或曲面............................................315
14.7 高端技巧....................................................316
14.8 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——繪制笛子...316
第15 章 三維顯示效果..........................................319
15.1 消隱.............................................................320
15.2 視覺(jué)樣式....................................................320
15.3 視覺(jué)樣式管理器.......................................323
15.4 相機(jī)設(shè)置與動(dòng)畫(huà).......................................328
15.4.1 相機(jī)設(shè)置.......................................328
15.4.2 創(chuàng)建運(yùn)動(dòng)路徑動(dòng)畫(huà)......................329
15.5 渲染.............................................................331
15.5.1 設(shè)置材質(zhì).......................................332
15.5.2 設(shè)置光源.......................................335
15.5.3 設(shè)置貼圖.......................................340
15.5.4 渲染環(huán)境.......................................341
15.5.5 高級(jí)渲染設(shè)置..............................342
15.6 高端技巧....................................................342
15.7 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——用相機(jī)觀察“公共汽車吊把” 三維視圖.................343
第16 章信息查詢...................................................345
16.1 查詢距離....................................................346
16.2 查詢面積....................................................346
16.2.1 查詢方式.......................................346
16.2.2 使用方法.......................................347
16.3 查詢體積....................................................348
16.4 查詢圖形對(duì)象信息..................................350
16.4.1 圖形對(duì)象信息包含的內(nèi)容........350
16.4.2 列表命令的啟動(dòng)方式.................350
16.5 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——計(jì)算商品房戶型圖中各房間面積..........................351
第17 章打印出圖...................................................353
17.1 模型空間與圖紙空間..............................354
17.1.1 模型空間與圖紙空間的概念....354
17.1.2 模型空間與圖紙空間的切換....355
17.2 圖紙布局....................................................356
17.3 打印樣式....................................................358
17.3.1 打印樣式的概念..........................358
17.3.2 打印樣式表的使用......................359
17.4 頁(yè)面設(shè)置管理器.......................................362
17.4.1 創(chuàng)建和管理頁(yè)面設(shè)置.................362
17.4.2 選擇打印設(shè)備..............................365
17.4.3 設(shè)置圖紙尺寸..............................367
17.4.4 設(shè)置打印區(qū)域..............................370
17.4.5 設(shè)置打印位置..............................372
17.4.6 設(shè)置打印比例..............................372
17.4.7 設(shè)置打印方向..............................375
17.4.8 預(yù)覽................................................378
17.4.9 打印多幅工程圖..........................379
17.5 圖紙集........................................................381
17.5.1 圖紙集管理器..............................381
17.5.2 創(chuàng)建圖紙集.................................. 382
17.5.3 整理圖紙集.................................. 383
17.6 高端技巧................................................... 384
17.7 感受AutoCAD 的精彩——批量虛擬打印戶型填色圖....................................... 385
第18 章 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)綜合實(shí)例................................388
18.1 齒輪軸各零件的三維模型及裝配........ 389
18.1.1 案例解讀....................................... 389
18.1.2 繪制軸的三維模型..................... 389
18.1.3 繪制齒輪的三維模型................. 392
18.1.4 齒輪軸的裝配.............................. 395
18.2 繪制齒輪軸零件圖.................................. 397
18.2.1 案例解讀....................................... 397
18.2.2 創(chuàng)建樣板文件.............................. 398
18.2.3 繪制軸零件圖.............................. 402
18.2.4 繪制齒輪零件圖.......................... 406
18.3 繪制齒輪軸裝配圖.................................. 408
18.3.1 案例解讀....................................... 408
18.3.2 操作步驟.......................................408