Preface Acknowledgments About the Authors About the Cover Artist 1 Introduction 1-1 WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE? Natural Science Environmental Science Quantitative Environmental Science 1-2 WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING? Engineering Environmental Engineering 1-3 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Overview Hydrology Water Treatment Wastewater Treatment Air Pollution Control Solid and Hazardous Waste 1-4 HOW ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTISTS WORK TOGETHER 1-5 INTRODUCTION TO PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Where Do We Start? A Short Outline of This Book 1-6 ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS OVERVIEW Systems as Such Water Resource Management System Air Resource Management System Solid Waste Management Multimedia Systems Sustainability 1-7 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AND REGULATION Acts, Laws, and Regulations 1-8 ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS Case 1: To Add or Not to Add Case 2: You Can't Do Everything At Once Chapter Review Problems Discussion Questions References 2 Chemistry Case Study: To MTBE or Not to MTBE? 2-1 INTRODUCTION 2-2 BASIC CHEMICAL CONCEPTS Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table Chemical Bonds and lntermolecular Forces The Mole, Molar Units, and Activity Units Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry Chemical Equilibrium Reaction Kinetics 2-3 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes Aryl (Aromatic) Compounds Functional Groups and Classes of Compounds 2-4 WATER CHEMISTRY Physical Properties of Water States of Solution Impurities Concentration Units in Aqueous Solutions or Suspensions Buffers 2-5 SOLL CHEMISTRY 2-6 ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY Fundamentals of Gases Chapter Review Problems Discussion Questions References 3 Biology Case Study: Poison Water? 3-1 INTRODUCTION 3-2 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LIFE Carbohydrates Nucleic Acids Proteins Lipids ……